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Derek Leung

Hardware APIs - Raspberry Pi Documentation

usb starting point

GitHub - graphman65/rp2040-zero-usb-uart: A USB-UART bridge firmware for the rp2040-zero · GitHub

usb speed 1.1 mb/s uart bridge

The Complete Raspi Pico Pinout Guide: RP2040 Maps, Gotchas, and Wiring Standards | ElectricalFlux

Configuring a Hardware Pin Layer in the Raspberry Pi Pico SDK

In the Raspberry Pi Pico SDK, the “hardware pin layer” refers to the GPIO hardware abstraction provided by `hardware_gpio` and related APIs. This layer lets you configure pins without directly manipulating hardware registers Raspberry Pi+1.

1. Understand the GPIO Hardware Abstraction

The SDK organizes GPIOs into banks (e.g., Bank 0 for user GPIOs) and provides:
Electrical control (pull-ups/down, drive strength, slew rate) via `pads_bank0_hw`
Function multiplexing (muxing) via `io_bank0_hw`
Single-cycle I/O via `sio_hw` deepwiki.com
You configure pins through the hardware_gpio API in `src/rp2_common/hardware_gpio/include/hardware/gpio.h`.

2. Basic Pin Configuration Steps

Here’s a minimal example to set up a GPIO pin:

C
#include "pico/stdlib.h"
#include "hardware/gpio.h"

int main() {
    const uint pin = 25; // Example: onboard LED pin

    // Initialize the GPIO
    gpio_init(pin);

    // Set direction
    gpio_set_dir(pin, GPIO_OUT);

    // Optional: set pull-ups/down
    gpio_set_pulls(pin, true, false); // pull up, no pull down

    // Optional: set drive strength
    gpio_set_drive_strength(pin, GPIO_DRIVE_STRENGTH_8MA);

    while (true) {
        gpio_put(pin, 1);
        sleep_ms(250);
        gpio_put(pin, 0);
        sleep_ms(250);
    }
}

This uses the hardware_gpio layer to control the pin GSI.

3. Advanced Pin Layer Configuration

For more control, you can directly access hardware registers:

C
#include "hardware/gpio.h"

// Example: configure pad electricals
hw_pad_set_pulls(&pads_bank0_hw[25], true, false); // pull up
hw_io_set_function(&io_bank0_hw[25], GPIO_FUNC_GPIO); // ensure GPIO function

Here:

pads_bank0_hw controls electrical characteristics deepwiki.com.
io_bank0_hw controls function select/muxing deepwiki.com.

4. Using PIO for Custom Pin Behavior

If you need programmable I/O (e.g., custom protocols), use the Programmable I/O (PIO) layer:

C
#include "hardware/pio.h"

pio_sm_config sm_config = pio_get_default_sm_config();
sm_config_set_in_shift(&sm_config, true, true); // input shift
sm_config_set_out_shift(&sm_config, true, true); // output shift
pio_sm_init(pio0, 0, &sm_config, 0);

PIO can map pins to its input/output shift registers deepwiki.com.

5. Key Tips

Always initialize the GPIO before use: `gpio_init(pin)`.
Use `gpio_set_function(pin, func)` to select the correct function (GPIO, SPI, UART, etc.).
For board-specific pins, check `PICO_DEFAULT_LED_PIN` or the board’s pinout in the SDK’s `boards/include` Raspberry Pi.
The hardware abstraction hides register addresses, but you can bypass it for low-level control if needed GSI.
In short:
To configure a hardware pin layer in the Pico SDK, use `hardware_gpio` for standard GPIO control, `pads_bank0_hw` and `io_bank0_hw` for low-level electrical and mux settings, and `hardware_pio` for custom I/O behavior. This layered approach ensures you can configure pins without directly editing hardware registers while still having access to the raw hardware when needed Raspberry Pi+3.

OpenHantek and Rp2040

Yes, OpenHantek can accept a Raspberry Pi Pico (RP2040) as a USB front-end hardware device, but it requires specific firmware and a custom fork or patch of the desktop software.

Because the official, mainstream OpenHantek6022 application is built primarily for Hantek 6022BE/BL hardware, the open-source community created a bridge protocol to make the RP2040 mimic the device communication layer.

How it Works & Requirements

To make a Raspberry Pi Pico act as the front end for OpenHantek, you must utilize open-source custom projects such as the oscilloscope_rp2040 GitHub project:

1. Pico Firmware: You must flash your RP2040 with a dedicated .uf2 firmware file that configures its dual-core ARM processor to capture analog inputs and streams data via USB using the Hantek protocol.

2. OpenHantek Modification: Standard OpenHantek software may not recognize the Pico directly out of the box. You need to use a modified version/fork of OpenHantek6022 that includes RP2040 device support.

3. Signal Calibration: The RP2040 operates natively on a 0–3.3V Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) range. OpenHantek expects a standard ±5V range. To fix this, you must either copy a provided RP2040_0_calibration.ini file into your OpenHantek configuration directory or build an external analog conditioning circuit.

Performance & Technical Limitations

While it functions as a great budget or DIY project, the RP2040 front-end has physical performance bottlenecks compared to dedicated hardware:

• USB Speed Limits: The RP2040 relies on USB 1.1 Full Speed (12 Mbps). When pushing dual-channel capture to rates around 1 MS/s or higher, the USB bus hits its bandwidth ceiling, which can cause occasional dropped data samples.

• Bit Depth Scaling: The Pico features a 12-bit ADC, but the firmware scales the data down to 8-bit values to fit the OpenHantek protocol.

• Overclocking: To capture up to 2 MS/s, the firmware typically overclocks the RP2040 chip to 240MHz, which can slightly decrease the absolute accuracy of the ADC readings.

• GitHub

Pull requests · OpenHantek/OpenHantek6022 - GitHub

Comfortable display density Compact display density Instrument-style UI, Autoset, optional SCPI/MCP remote control, zh_TW locale #

• GitHub

Oscilloscope for the RP2040 - OpenHantek protocol · GitHub

Usage * Upload the oscilloscope.uf2 firmware to the RP2040. * Install OpenHantek. OpenHantek6022 needs RP2040 support: OpenHantek6...

• WizzDev

A Practical Guide to 5V and 3.3V Logic Interfacing - WizzDev

Most modern microcontrollers, such as the STM32 family, ESP32 series and RP2040 operate natively at a 3.3V logic level. However, w...

https://github.com/OpenHantek/openhantek

https://github.com/dgatf/OpenHantek6022/releases. prebuilt available

https://github.com/dgatf/oscilloscope_rp2040#binaries

https://www.linux.com/training-tutorials/cmake-recipe-5-adding-uninstall-target-your-project/

uninstall make receipt

SSR

ssr using a moc3041 and bt138 - Other Hardware / General Electronics - Arduino Forum

(2) #EP-141 DIY 40Amp SSR (Solid State Relay). BTA41 MOC3021 - YouTube

25A Solid State Relay BTA24-600: Complete SSR Circuit Guide

Hot plate

https://github.com/marcocipriani01/Hot-plate

https://www.hackster.io/Tim_Palingenesis/tim-s-hot-plate-d787cf

https://github.com/Apehaenger/Another-HotPlate-Firmware

https://www.instructables.com/Scalable-SMD-Soldering-Reflow-Plate-With-Solder-Pr/

https://www.hackster.io/john-bradnam/smd-reflow-hot-plate-new-version-edc02e

https://www.instructables.com/DIY-SMT-Hotplate-Project/

https://medium.com/home-wireless/how-to-build-a-hot-plate-reflow-oven-ecdc23ec9da7

mini scroll saw

I never imagined building a scroll saw with a piston system

‏How to Make Simple Scroll Saw Machine

Masking tape label printer

Masking Tape Plotter | Hackaday.io

Masking Tape Plotter

DIY Paper Tape Label printing CNC machine | Arduino + GRBL + BT + Android

Teaching Arduino to type telegrams / Habr

writing machines

UGS. universal g-code sender

https://winder.github.io/ugs_website/download/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxLAqmhMSys

https://www.instructables.com/4xiDraw/

https://github.com/KnoxMakers/KM-Laser

paint brush

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y3I3DPeYMbo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oF84Hm22HuQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6OHmsmRD9E

sprayer

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJNljELjUUg

Induction heater

DIY 14kW Induction Heater | Molten Steel & Calcium Carbide

GitHub - Zocum/induction-heater: Microcontroller code for DIY Induction Heater · GitHub

https://teslascience.wordpress.com/autotuning-9kw-induction-forge-version-1-2/

https://github.com/metanurb21/esp32_igbt_driver?tab=readme-ov-file

DC fan

https://www.edn.com/4-wire-pc-fan/

http://pavouk.org/hw/fan/en_fan4wire.html

https://www.hackatronic.com/brushless-dc-bldc-motor-driver-circuit-using-555-timer-ic/#google_vignette

T en Tries - YouTube

mostly casting, pouring aluminum, making tools

Casting Furnace waste oil burner clog free operation

🔥 Homemade crucibles for CASTING and MELTING metals with your own hands

https://github.com/metanurb21/esp32_igbt_driver?tab=readme-ov-file

DIY-4kW-Induction-Heater

5 Minute DC To BLDC Motor Upgrade For MAXIMUM Best Performance | MrAviPro

How To Make 3-phase Bldc Motor Controller At Home Very Easy || Circuit Diagram Pdf Free Download

How To Make A High-Speed 40a BLDC Motor Speed Controller Without Sensor Free | MrAviPro

Brushless DC motor controller using Arduino and IR2101

CPU FAN HIGH SPEED Bldc Motor Controller MAKE At HOME | MrAviPro

Engineering_Projects/ProjectFiles/High-Speed Pen Plotter at main · IVProjects/Engineering_Projects · GitHub

Project - Fuel Injection with Teensy | Carlos Takeshita

Thermal camera diy

DIY-Thermocam | Open-source thermal imaging for everyone!

GitHub - maxritter/diy-thermocam: A do-it-yourself thermal imager, compatible with the FLIR Lepton 2.5, 3.1R and 3.5 sensor with Arduino firmware · GitHub

Zero Play Guide Bars - Metric and Countersunk by Rubes | Download free STL model | Printables.com

slide rails 3d files for download

[DIY]10 Jigs and Hacks to Improve Your Table Saw || somewhat I need

dimension plans at the end of the video.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KwuokHAi1JQ

[DIY] 5 jigs to improve your trimmer table || Woodworking

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qkY2s2nWV-g

3 wood jig game changer - dowel jig

3 Game-Changing Jigs for Woodworking

free plan crafping diy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqusGiSDfO0

drill bit sharpening

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZTKRiQ3idZo

Yasuhiro TV

40 Simple Circular Saw Hacks | Japanese Woodworking

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3R856PUt1c

TOP 60 Router Trimmer Hacks | Japanese Woodworking

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RDkOLzF3PPw

10mins dowel jig

10 minutes Dowel Jig: Dowel joints got easier and quicker even by beginners (subtitle explanation)

woodworking hacks

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pu7Qu-jNuPg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IAba8HRfz4M

extend the capability of mini lathe

https://www.youtube.com/@Yakun1988

very good lathe tool making

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bSmHOu8ohwE

angle grinder 5 jigs ideas

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3huFArZ4kE

homemade tools, some good ideas

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zmjgVD7VcwU

best homemade tools in the past 3months

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JSGSh2f_2sE

3 homemade tools - blender, vise, belt gr

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ffGn0wa4hF0

3 homemade tools - drill, spring, screw th

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UqXhRliUXxE

make a mini mobile crank.. winch + hydraulic jack

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UI4bC93Iapo

repurpose hydraulic jack to other uses

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GgQAmFi-eJY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=10roGGeU0-Q. 3 purposes, tube blender, straightener, crusher

making tapping machine ,,, I have an old bycible seat for the base

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=97WgSkTmAMs

Making precision parts without big mill

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0d9gyGMwyw

Gear making idea

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K0tn290NT4M. change speed recycled bike gears

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MiufkSj2QL8

Gear copy making machine

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhJz2E-qfL8

Turn old oil filter into a angle grinder polishing tool

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ir4BVcv11tc

3D printed concrete lathe pt 2 .. .. seems sturdy and precise.

github files available

https://github.com/kachurovskiy/modulathe

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lnFw8G95LGo

Spot welder -- made in Poland... microwave transformer

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4q4oMVtW4FI

shredder made in Poland,, some good diy shop tools

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hZPB9I9ko4M

make a mini torch

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HRYJI_JTdco

Speed dry up silicone in 5 minutes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=feue9lgJGsg

Plasma Cutter from scraps

✅$150 CNC Plasma Table Build for Your Garage Easy Quick and Very Cost Effective

How We Built the Most Affordable DIY CNC Plasma Cutting System - YouTube $400 plan sale

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XfoV31rJjKY

item list:

AMZN: flyback and driver: https://amzn.to/46woW8x capacitors: https://amzn.to/46MSsXP diac: https://amzn.to/3RXRwev torch: https://amzn.to/3S9oY1s diode rectifier: https://amzn.to/3tJAiqU

this guy has many things you can make

https://www.youtube.com/@rulof.maker.english

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2jZwh6mvMhQ. he sells plan on making plasma cutter

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RjXdC3njSUU. using wiper motor to drive plasma cutter

How to Make Your Own Crucibles (for microwave metal melting)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e7f9H9_5Wp0

metal foundry simple

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uPz5VidjACI

TEMS LIST

Insulating Fire Brick, 2300F... https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0848PBH82?... TNLOJI 6-Gallon Galvanized Steel... https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0FJ4JLP78?... Nelyrho 6kg Crucible Tongs Set... https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0DX751CHY?... Ceramic Fiber Insulation, 1"... https://www.amazon.com/dp/B089KTMQX3?... https://www.walmart.com/ip/5ft-Propan... https://www.walmart.com/ip/Propane-Fo...

heat insulation contruction material

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4_GxPHwqkA

melting furnace

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-JouCI3dn8. aluminum, co2 cylinder crucible

joint compound- used oil+PVA+alcohol+ cement

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEQCOjRRElc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iUqscl4EGxQ. acetone + plexglass= clue

seal the concrete cracks correctly

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Br5i8nkW5DQ. quickrete plus backer rod

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLUci2NDn1E. gasoline+styrofoam+PVA+cement

CNC Plasma cutter

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIaLJ_s8hWE. $150 shopping links available

Mechanical work helper tools

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42EE_Bv_BNo. linked chains is your friend

A lot of the ideas from here DIY SteelBuilds

https://www.youtube.com/@DIYSteelBuilds

CNC plasma cutter

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5lIiCZCbhQ

Build an elevator from $1 motor

Building a Mechanical Battery

made a forklift on a 12V winch

I made a forklift on a 12V winch

How to Double your Storage Space with this Cheap Garage Lift

Build lifter over ladder

Ladder Hoist Build and Cost - YouTube

Get water from nature, no fee

Infinite Water for $12 — The Forgotten Engineering Trick

Solar Energy harvesting

My DIY Solar Generator Is WAY More Powerful Than I Thought..

Modify tape measure for better usages

Few People Know About These Hidden Tricks and Features of a Tape Measure!

Turn mini mill into cnc machine

The Best Benchtop Mill... If You Can Build It! (DMC2 Mini)

Shariff DMC2 Mini Upgrades BLog

DMC2 Mini CNC $2500 110v version

Turning a Cheap Mini Mill into a Capable CNC Machine

CNC machine fixing electronic and mechanical skills

Bought a Broken CNC Lathe They Don’t Want Me to Fix

lead acid recovery practical way. grinder blender on video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PL5X2qsE7Qc. professor Basil

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cq-LSj1aV64. clean, rinse, renew fluid, charge

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXVB45RWn2k. vinagar , salt , and electrolyss

HHO generators

Water into Hydrogen - Simple Hydrogen Generator from Carbon Pin from battery carbon pins

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiLH2TNdcFo. hydrogen run electricity generator

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nKihWAYrEM. 1500w hho generator , naOH from baking soda

BLOGs

https://diyfan.blogspot.com/p/downloads.html

FHEM links:

DLCD – FHEMWiki

Fhem: LCD 2004 Display with ESPEasy (Part 2) | Robin's Blog – Technology and Multimedia

Fhem: LCD 2004 display with ESPEasy as status indicator | Robin's Blog – Technology and Multimedia

Hareware hacks

https://wiki.dd-wrt.com/wik

i/index.php/Category:LaFonera_Hardware_%28en%29

https://wiki.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/LaFonera_Hardware_32MB_SDRAM_MOD

https://forum.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=37578. build Redboot

Fon 2200 flashing tutorials

https://openwrt.org/toh/fon/fonera

https://robotskirts.com/2010/01/19/la-fonera-flashing/

://github.com/ap51-flash/ap51-flash/issues/10

https://github.com/ap51-flash/ap51-flash

https://www.gargoyle-router.com/wiki/doku.php?id=fon_flash

https://www.gargoyle-router.com/wiki/doku.php?id=install_guide

https://forum.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/LaFonera_Software_Upgrade-Flashing

https://wiki.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/La_Fonera_Debricking

https://forum.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/LaFonera_Software_Flashing

https://forum.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=15085

https://hackaday.com/tag/la-fonera/

https://www.gargoyle-router.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=11657

https://forum.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/LaFonera_Software_Flashing#google_vignette

https://myfonblog.blogspot.com/2008/08/hacking-la-fonera-part-1-dd-wrt.html

GPS Archives - John's Tech Blog (hagensieker.com)

(2) justanengineer - YouTube

(2) Easy One - YouTube ESP32 internet radio

Power on reset circuits:

c64DTV power on reset circuit | Evan's Techie-Blog (wordpress.com)

digital logic - How would I externally drive the Reset signal alongside a classic Power-On Reset circuit? - Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange

The Least Interesting Circuit in the World - Jason Sachs (embeddedrelated.com)

Power-On Reset (jacobsa.github.io)

S2 booted from SD card beeglebone black circuittry page 268

On power up, these pins are read by the processor to determine the boot order. S2 is used to change the level of one bit from HI to LO which changes the boot order.

Always Boot from SD Card

"...move R68 to R93 if you want to make the board boot from SD by default."

ref: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33030802/fix-the-boot-order-emmc-on-a-beagle-bone-black

A latching switch would be nice. Onboard flash is built in obsolescence.

Instructions

Put some leaded solder on both sides of R68 (bottom of board, the silkscreen is misplaced, but just count down the line). Use hot air to remove R68, being careful not to use too much air flow which will knock the resistor off your bench, onto the floor. The resistor is a 100K, in case you lose it.

After removing the resistor, use an iron to put small dobs of leaded solder on pad R93 (top side of board). Use hot air to heat the board until the solder is fluid, then place the 100K R onto R93, heating as necessary while being careful not to blow the resistor away.

Where are the registers for the BBB?

AM335x_TechnicalReferenceManual.pdf

e.g. https://www.ti.com/lit/ug/spruh73q/spruh73q.pdf

我的網誌清單

2024年4月3日星期三